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Evidence-backed gain

A Survey on Medical Large Language Models: Technology, Application, Trustworthiness, and Future Directions

With the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), medical artificial intelligence (AI) has experienced substantial technological progress and paradigm shifts, highlighting the potential of LLMs to streamline healthcare delivery and improve patient outcomes. Considering this rapid technical progress, in this survey, we trace the recent advances of Medical Large Language Models (Med-LLMs), including the background, key findings, and mainstream techniques, especially for the evolution from general-purpose models to…

IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering · Health

A Survey on Medical Large Language Models: Technology, Application, Trustworthiness, and Future Directions

Evidence-backed gain

Building entrepreneurial resilience during crisis using generative AI: An empirical study on SMEs

Recently, Gen AI has garnered significant attention across various sectors of society, particularly capturing the interest of small business due to its capacity to allow them to reassess their business models with minimal investment. To understand how small and medium-sized firms have utilised Gen AI-based tools to cope with the market's high level of turbulence caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical crises, and economic slowdown, researchers have conducted an empirical study. Although Gen AI is receiving…

Business

Evidence-backed problem

AI-driven financial fraud: key risks and legal protections for financial institutions

Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) has become integral to financial institutions operations. Implementing AI allowed significant improvement in service quality and enabled innovative customer solutions. At the same time, with all the advantages and positive aspects of using AI, it also creates additional risks, depending on who and for what it is used. In the hands of fraudsters, AI becomes a tool with which financial institutions and their clients are causing significant damage, and not only financial. At th…

Crime

Both readings

Regulating AI-powered consumer contracts: risks, remedies, and global legal responses|Regolamentazione dei contratti dei consumatori basati sull’Intelligenza Artificiale: rischi, rimedi e risposte giuridiche globali

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has reshaped consumer contracts by enabling automated drafting, personalization, and enforcement at scale, with limited human intervention. While this increases efficiency, it also introduces risks, including bias, opacity, privacy violations, and power asymmetries. This article offers a comparative legal analysis of regulatory responses and case studies, focusing on the EU AI Act and contrasting it with approaches in the US, Canada, Brazil, and emerging frameworks in Asia-Pacific. T…

Policy

Evidence-backed problem

Garbage in, garbage out? How the monster of AI art reflects human fault, bias, and capitalism in contemporary culture

Abstract This paper examines the relationship between artificial intelligence, contemporary artistic production and content creation through an intersectional feminist framework, arguing that AI operates as a reflective system that reproduces and amplifies existing social, economic, and cultural biases. Beginning with examples of AI artistic collaborations such as 'What I Saw Before the Darkness', and 'Théâtre D'opéra Spatial' the research investigates how generative AI exposes underlying tensions surrounding cr…

Labor

Evidence-backed gain

The EU's AI act: A framework for collaborative governance

In February 2024, the Council and the European Parliament (EP) agreed on the Artificial Intelligence Regulation (usually known as AI Act, AIA) .2 This regulation evaluates AI applications to ensure they are used ethically and responsibly, promoting the development of safe and lawful AI across the EU's single market. It establishes a comprehensive legal framework with a risk-based approach, aiming to achieve a balance between protecting the health, safety, and fundamental rights of European citizens and ensuring…

Policy

Both readings

Advances in artificial intelligence: a review for the creative industries

Artificial intelligence (AI) has undergone transformative advances since 2022, particularly through generative AI, large language models (LLMs), and diffusion models, fundamentally reshaping the creative industries. However, existing reviews have not comprehensively addressed these recent breakthroughs and their integrated impact across the creative production pipeline. This paper addresses this gap by providing a systematic review of AI technologies that have emerged or matured since our 2022 review, examining…

Policy

User perceptions and experiences of an AI-driven conversational agent for mental health support

Background: The increasing prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven mental health conversational agents necessitates a comprehensive understanding of user engagement and user perceptions of this technology. This study aims to fill the existing knowledge gap by focusing on Wysa, a commercially available mobile conversational agent designed to provide personalized mental health support. Methods: A total of 159 user reviews posted between January, 2020 and March, 2024, on the Wysa app's Google Play page we…

Health

How does artificial intelligence impact employees’ engagement in lean organisations?

Driven by the digital transformation currently pursued by organisations, artificial intelligence (AI) applications have become more frequent. Nevertheless, its impact on employees’ behaviors and attitudes is still poorly known. As employees’ engagement (EE) is a key element for a successful Lean Production (LP) implementation, there is the need to understand such AI’s implications on EE in this scenario. This paper aims to investigate the impact of AI on EE in lean organisations. We performed a qualitative-empir…

Labor

Ethics and the use of generative AI in professional editing

Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (GnAI) has garnered significant attention worldwide across diverse industries, including in book publishing. To date, more attention has been paid to its potential in creative collaboration and less to the editorial possibilities of its application. Interest has accelerated since the breakthrough of a new Large Language Model in late 2022. This paper engages with the ethical and industrial implications of using GnAI in a creative context, namely literary publishing. It…

Labor

Artificial intelligence and innovation management: Charting the evolving landscape

The excitement surrounding Artificial Intelligence (AI) is palpable. It is rapidly gaining prevalence in academia, business, and personal use. In particular, the emergence of generative AI, exemplified by large language models such as ChatGPT, has been marked by substantial media attention, discourse, and hype. Like most, if not all, aspects of business, innovation processes have been impacted. However, little is known about the degree of impact or the benefits that might be gained. To cut through the hype and u…

Business

Artificial intelligence and innovation management: Charting the evolving landscape

Assessing the nexus of Generative AI adoption, ethical considerations and organizational performance

Numerous enterprises employ Generative AI (GenAI) for a plethora of business operations, which can enhance organizational effectiveness. The adoption might be driven by multiple factors influencing the business landscape. Additionally, numerous ethical considerations could impact the deployment of GenAI. This unique study investigated how organizations adopt GenAI and its effects on their performance. Further, this research utilized institutional theory and ethical guidelines for AI design to develop a research…

Business

Generative AI enhances individual creativity but reduces the collective diversity of novel content

Creativity is core to being human. Generative artificial intelligence (AI)-including powerful large language models (LLMs)-holds promise for humans to be more creative by offering new ideas, or less creative by anchoring on generative AI ideas. We study the causal impact of generative AI ideas on the production of short stories in an online experiment where some writers obtained story ideas from an LLM. We find that access to generative AI ideas causes stories to be evaluated as more creative, better written, an…

Media & Arts

A foundation model for clinical-grade computational pathology and rare cancers detection

The analysis of histopathology images with artificial intelligence aims to enable clinical decision support systems and precision medicine. The success of such applications depends on the ability to model the diverse patterns observed in pathology images. To this end, we present Virchow, the largest foundation model for computational pathology to date. In addition to the evaluation of biomarker prediction and cell identification, we demonstrate that a large foundation model enables pan-cancer detection, achievin…

Health

A foundation model for clinical-grade computational pathology and rare cancers detection

The smart future for sustainable development: Artificial intelligence solutions for sustainable urbanization

Abstract Future tools for supporting collaborations between technology and sustainable development include artificial intelligence (AI) applications in sustainable Urbanization roles. This article highlights the various applications of AI in advancing sustainable urbanization. From urban planning to disaster management, AI technology is revolutionizing the way cities are designed and managed. By leveraging data analytics, machine learning, and predictive modeling, AI is helping city officials make informed decis…

Climate

The smart future for sustainable development: Artificial intelligence solutions for sustainable urbanization