+ HEALTH Background Discharge letters are essential for continuity of care, yet patients often misunderstand their con…± HEALTH Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) glass slide preparation is fundamental to histopathology. Pathologists' expertise…+ CLIMATE Traditional soil heavy metal risk assessments suffer from fragmented indices and poor logical integration. Co…± HEALTH Background Neonatal pneumothorax can progress rapidly, yet detection on supine chest radiographs remains chal…+ HEALTH T cell exhaustion has widespread implications for the progression and treatment of chronic diseases including…+ HEALTH Background Standard pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) risk models may not fully apply to PAH associated w…+ HEALTH Objectives To map and synthesize the scientific evidence regarding the use of Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixe…± HEALTH Objective To examine whether the outputs of machine learning algorithms designed to predict risk of cardiovas…
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Evidence-backed problem

Man with Machine: The Unaddressed Copyright Issues of Mixed Musical Works

The copyrightability of mixed musical works, which contain a blend of human and generative AI elements, is an issue of increasing prevalence in copyright law. While there has been some discussion on the copyright status of fully generative AI works, this mainly resides in state law, and much of the federal policy found in Copyright Guides published by the United States Copyright Office is a non-binding opinion. Additionally, the same circuit courts contradict themselves, as seen with the differing views on the f…

The Undergraduate Law Review at UC San Diego · Policy

Man with Machine: The Unaddressed Copyright Issues of Mixed Musical Works
AI-generated child sexual abuse material: what’s the harm?
Evidence-backed problem

AI-generated child sexual abuse material: what’s the harm?

Abstract The development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools capable of producing wholly or partially synthetic child sexual abuse material (AI CSAM) presents profound challenges for child protection, law enforcement, and societal responses to child exploitation. While some argue that the harmfulness of AI CSAM differs fundamentally from other CSAM due to a perceived absence of direct victimization, this perspective fails to account for the range of risks associated with its production and consumpti…

Policy
The making of digital ghosts: designing ethical AI afterlives
Both readings

The making of digital ghosts: designing ethical AI afterlives

Abstract The rapid proliferation of AI-mediated digital afterlife technologies, from chatbots trained on personal data to voice clones and posthumous avatars, has generated a substantial body of ethical literature identifying the moral risks of posthumous simulation. Yet this growing consensus has not been matched by frameworks capable of translating ethical principles into operational design constraints. This paper addresses that gap from the perspective of ethical design and governance. We introduce a nine-dim…

Policy
Understanding critical thinking in generative artificial intelligence use: Development, validation, and correlates of the critical thinking in AI use scale
Evidence-backed gain

Understanding critical thinking in generative artificial intelligence use: Development, validation, and correlates of the critical thinking in AI use scale

Generative AI tools are increasingly embedded in everyday work and learning, yet their fluency, opacity, and propensity to hallucinate mean that users must critically evaluate AI outputs rather than accept them at face value. The present research conceptualises critical thinking in AI use as a dispositional tendency to verify the source and content of AI-generated information, to understand how models work and where they fail, and to reflect on the broader implications of relying on AI. Across six studies ( N =…

Policy
AI-Driven Predictive Analytics for Supply Chain Resilience, Financial Risk Management, and Digital Marketing Strategy: A Unified Business Intelligence Framework
Evidence-backed gain

AI-Driven Predictive Analytics for Supply Chain Resilience, Financial Risk Management, and Digital Marketing Strategy: A Unified Business Intelligence Framework

The arrival of artificial intelligence and big-data analytics at scale has begun to redraw the strategic map of the modern enterprise. Three areas sit close to the center of that change: how firms manage their supply chains, how they assess financial risk, and how they think about digital marketing. Each has its own substantial literature, yet the three are seldom examined together inside a single, properly governed analytical architecture. This paper sets out to close that gap. We develop and empirically valida…

Policy
Deepfake-induced harm and AI accountability: a layered civil-liability framework for generative models, platforms, and digital identity
Evidence-backed problem

Deepfake-induced harm and AI accountability: a layered civil-liability framework for generative models, platforms, and digital identity

Deepfake and other synthetic-media harms create a civil-liability problem that ordinary tort doctrine does not easily resolve: harmful content may be generated, amplified, monetised, and redistributed through a chain of actors in which no single participant controls the whole causal process. The objective of this article is to develop a layered civil-liability framework for that problem. It examines the Saudi and Jordanian civil-liability regimes as the principal doctrinal focus, while using selected EU, US, UAE…

Policy
AI-Generated Likeness and The Law: Protecting Personality Rights in The Age of Deepfakes and Social Media Exploitation
Evidence-backed problem

AI-Generated Likeness and The Law: Protecting Personality Rights in The Age of Deepfakes and Social Media Exploitation

The proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies—particularly deepfakes—has given rise to complex legal and ethical challenges concerning the unauthorised use of an individual’s likeness. With AI-generated content becoming increasingly indistinguishable from reality, questions surrounding the protection of personality rights have taken centre stage. Celebrities, politicians, and even private individuals are now at risk of having their images, voices, and behaviours manipulated and disseminated with…

Policy

Is Richard Tice’s picture AI-manipulated? Here are five giveaways

*** After Richard Tice posted a picture of an apparent Reform campaign event on Sunday, experts and social media detectives took a closer look and concluded from a variety of telltale signs that the image had either been edited or generated by artificial intelligence. Here are some of the elements that critics called into question. *** 1. Mangled fingers One woman has six fingers on one hand and extra long ones on the other. The man in the beige jacket has three extremely long fingers which look like sausages. A…

Policy
Is Richard Tice’s picture AI-manipulated? Here are five giveaways

Party Equalization or Normalization Through Visual Generative AI in the 2025 German Federal Election

This study examines whether visual generative artificial intelligence (VGenAI) serves as an equalizing force for minor parties or reinforces existing power asymmetries in political communication. Drawing on equalization and normalization theory, we investigate party differences in VGenAI adoption, content strategies, and user engagement during the 2025 German federal election. Using a semi-automated AI detection method combining automated classification with manual validation, we analyzed Facebook and Instagram…

Policy
Party Equalization or Normalization Through Visual Generative AI in the 2025 German Federal Election

Artificial Intelligence (AI): Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice and policy

As far back as the industrial revolution, significant development in technical innovation has succeeded in transforming numerous manual tasks and processes that had been in existence for decades where humans had reached the limits of physical capacity. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers this same transformative potential for the augmentation and potential replacement of human tasks and activities within a wide range of industrial, intellectual and social applications. The pace of change for this new AI technolo…

Policy
Artificial Intelligence (AI): Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice and policy