Ranks distinct AI gain and problem claims from the published record. Scores reward impact, independent source strength, scale, confidence, and recency.
Published January 2024, this IEEE Access survey reviews how machine learning, deep learning and reinforcement learning are applied to cybersecurity tasks such as malware detection, intrusion detection and vulnerability assessment, including evaluation of ChatGPT-like tools on both defensive and offensive sides.
In a retrospective single-centre pilot, investigators developed a YOLOv11-based model to automatically detect and segment three key landmarks during robot-assisted single-port transvesical enucleation of the prostate using 611 annotated frames from 37 procedures performed by one expert surgeon.
A multisite retrospective validation study in a US tertiary health system compared four automated EMR retrieval methods to manual chart adjudication for ischaemic stroke/TIA, MI, HF exacerbation/hospitalisation and composite MACE in 2258 patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and 1426 patients who underwent TAVR. The zero-shot LLM workflow achieved the highest AUCs for most outcomes, while ICD-based retrieval remained competitive.
On 2026-08-13, researchers reported developing an AI reinforcement learning model using Swedish population data to determine cost-effective diagnostic pathways for chronic breathlessness. The model evaluated 16 clinically relevant conditions with associated tests and costs, generating tailored sequences for subgroups defined by sex and smoking exposure.
Published June 2, 2024, this peer-reviewed study explored why university students adopt ChatGPT, examining how self-learning capabilities affect knowledge acquisition and application, how personalization relates to novelty value and benefits, and how individual impact, innovativeness, and barriers shape behavioral intention and actual use.
As of January 2026, this peer-reviewed review surveys Large Language Models applied to mathematics in both natural-style language and formal symbolic syntax suitable for automatic verification. It notes coding has emerged as a successful application of structured reasoning, while formalized mathematics has proven significantly more challenging.
Researchers trained an AI system on 9207 prostate MRI examinations from the Netherlands and tested it on 1000 examinations from the Netherlands and Norway, with a 400-case subset read by 62 radiologists from 20 countries. By June 2024 publication, the AI achieved AUROC 0.91 versus 0.86 for radiologists using PI-RADS 2.1, and at matched operating points detected 6.8% more clinically significant cancers at same specificity or 50.4% fewer false positives at same sensitivity.
Published June 4, 2024, this peer-reviewed paper examined AI in education through a Delphi study of 33 international professionals plus follow-up face-to-face discussions with international researchers. It found that effective use depends on keeping humans in the loop rather than blindly replacing human involvement.
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