aceNucleic Acid Turnover and Lipid Remodeling Distinguish T Cell Activation and Exhaustion States via Label-Free Raman Spectroscopy
T cell exhaustion has widespread implications for the progression and treatment of chronic diseases including tuberculosis, HIV, malaria, and cancer, yet current detection methods require expensive and tedious antibody labeling, destructive workflows, or days-long functional assays that limit dynamic monitoring capabilities. Here, we introduce Raman spectroscopy as a label-free assay for distinguishing T cell states directly from culture while preserving viability for downstream use. We leverage a 1-D convolutio…
A 1-D CNN with sharpness-aware minimization applied to Raman spectra distinguished unstimulated, activated, and exhausted T cells with >97% accuracy and quantified exhaustion percentage in heterogeneous populations with R2 = 1.
Performance was demonstrated only in culture across three donors and multiple hardware setups, limiting evidence for clinical samples and broader donor diversity.
Evidence
- Peer-reviewedACS Sensors2026-09-12
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Truvace Impact Record TRV-2026-1084, v1: “Nucleic Acid Turnover and Lipid Remodeling Distinguish T Cell Activation and Exhaustion States via Label-Free Raman Spectroscopy.” Truvace, 2026-09-14. /record/TRV-2026-1084 (accessed at citation time). sha256 db36ff26905a3837…
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